In the past two decades, we have witnessed the discovery of a
handful assortment of `strong'ly interacting particles such as
tetraquarks, pentaquarks, etc., that go beyond a conventional
quark-antiquark meson and a three-quark baryon picture. A deeper
understanding of the underlying quark-level and effective hadron-hadron
interactions that drive their existence is crucial in identifying the
conditions under which they come to be. Recent advancements in
first-principles numerical studies using lattice QCD methodologies have
provided valuable insights into these interactions, particularly those
involving strange, charm, and bottom quarks. In this presentation, I
will discuss the latest developments in this field and their potential
implications in the future research.